How to secure a website

Ensuring the security of the website is very important, as it ensures the protection of users' data and the continuous operation of the site. Below are some basic steps and recommendations for website security:

1. Software Update

Regular updates: Make sure the web server, CMS, plugins and other components are updated regularly.
Automatic updates: Enable automatic updates for critical components.

2. Strong passwords and authentication

Strong passwords: Use strong passwords and update them regularly.
Two-factor authentication (2FA): Apply 2FA to all accounts.

3. Server and database protection

Firewall: Use a web application firewall (WAF).
Encryption: Ensure data is encrypted both in transit (SSL/TLS) and on the server.
Backups: Make regular backups of your data and check for recoverability.

4. Monitoring and security audit

Logs and monitoring: Log and monitor website activity to detect suspicious activity.
External audit: Conduct regular security audits by external experts.

5. Protection against vulnerabilities

SQL injections: Use parametric queries and ORMs to protect against SQL injections.
XSS attacks: Apply proper screening and Content Security Policy (CSP) to protect against XSS attacks.
CSRF attacks: Use tokens to protect against cross-site request forgery (CSRF).

6. Safe programming practices

Security tests: Run security tests (pen-tests) on your web applications.
Code reviews: Perform code reviews to detect security vulnerabilities while writing code.
Data validation: Use security measures to validate and filter user inputs.

7. SSL/TLS Certificates

SSL certificates: Make sure your website has an SSL/TLS certificate. This increases data security and user trust.
Use HTTPS: Ensure your site always opens over HTTPS.

8. Security extensions and tools

Security plugins: If you're using a CMS, use the plugins available for security (eg Wordfence for WordPress).
Monitoring and alerting tools: Use tools to monitor your website's security status and alert you to suspicious activity.

By following these recommendations, you can significantly improve the security of your website.